Let's see we have CSV data with comma delimited like
a,b,"c,d","e,f" and we need output c,d in array output index 2. we need simply this function:-
function CSVtoArray(str) {
//split the str first
//then merge the elments between two double quotes
var delimiter = ',';
var quotes = '"';
var elements = str.split(delimiter);
var tmp="";
var newElements = [];
var indexOfRightQuotes = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; ++i)
{
//found the left double quotes
if (indexOfRightQuotes==0)
{
if (elements[i].indexOf(quotes) >= 0)
{//the left double quotes is found
var indexOfRightQuotes = -1;
tmp = elements[i].replace('"','');
}
else
{
newElements.push(elements[i]);
}
}
//found the right double quotes
//merge all the elements between double quotes
else if (indexOfRightQuotes==-1)
{
if (elements[i].indexOf(quotes) >= 0)
{
indexOfRightQuotes=0;
tmp = tmp + delimiter + elements[i].replace('"','');
newElements.push(tmp);
tmp="";
}
else
{
tmp = tmp + delimiter + elements[i].replace('"','');
}
}
}
return newElements;
}
var abc=CSVtoArray('a,b,"c,d","e,f"'); // call function with data
document.write(abc[2]); //print c,d
27 February, 2017
Tableau Formatting Literals
Formatting Literals
When you are using functions you will sometimes want to use literal expressions to represent numbers, strings, dates, and more. A literal expression signifies a constant value that is represented “as is.” For example, you may have a function where your input is a date. Rather than just type “May 1, 2005”, which would be interpreted a a string, you would type #May 1, 2005#, which is equivalent to using a date function to convert the argument from a string to a date (refer to Date Functions). You can use numeric, string, date, boolean, and Null literals. The way to format each of these literals is described below.Numeric Literals
A numeric literal is written exactly like you usually write numbers. If you want to input the number one as a numeric literal you would type 1. Subsequently, if you want to input the number 3.1415 as a numeric literal you would type 3.1415.String Literals
A string literal can be written either using single quotations or double quotations. If your string has a single or double quotation within it, simply type the symbol twice. For example, if you wanted to input the string “cat” as a string literal you could type ‘cat’ or “cat”. Additionally, if you want to type the string “She’s my friend.” as a string literal you could type ‘She’’s my friend.’ or “She’s my friend.”Date Literals
Date literals are signified by the pound symbol (#). If you wanted to input the date “August 22, 2005” as a literal date you would type #August 22, 2005#.Boolean Literals
Boolean literals are written as either true or false. If you wanted to input “true” as a boolean literal you would type true.Null Literals
Null literals are written simply as Null. If you wanted to input “Null” as a Null literal you would type Null.Details (Officials)
Tableau Operators
Operators
To create calculated fields and formulas, you need to understand the operators supported by Tableau. This section discusses the basic operators that are available and the order (precedence) of operations.+ (addition)
This means addition when applied to numbers and concatenation when applied to strings. When applied to dates, it can be used to add a number of days to a date. For example,7 + 3
Profit
+ Sales
'abc' + 'def' = 'abcdef'
#April
15, 2004# + 15 = #April 30, 2004#
– (subtraction)
This means subtraction when applied to numbers and negation if applied to an expression. When applied to dates, it can be used to subtract a number of days from a date. Hence it can also be used to calculate the difference in days between two dates. For example,7 - 3
Profit
- Sales
-(7+3) = -10
#April
16, 2004# - 15 = #April 1, 2004#
#April 15,
2004# - #April 8, 2004# = 7
* (multiplication)
This means numeric multiplication. For example,5 * 4 = 20./ (division)
This means numeric division. For example,20 / 4 = 5.% (modulo)
Returns the remainder of a division operation. For example, 9 % 2 returns 1 because 2 goes into 9 four times with a remainder of 1. Modulo can only operate on integers.= =, =, >, <, >=, <=, !=, <>(comparisons)
These are the basic comparison operators that can be used in expressions. Their meanings are as follows: = = or = (equal to), > (greater than), < (less than), >= (greater than or equal to), <= (less than or equal to), != and <> (not equal to).Each operator compares two numbers, dates, or strings and returns a boolean (
TRUE or FALSE).
^ (power)
This symbol is equivalent to the POWER function. It raises a number to the specified power.For example:
6^3 = 216
AND
This is a logical operator. An expression or a boolean must appear on either side of it. For example,IIF(Profit
=100 AND Sales =1000, "High", "Low")
If both expressions are
TRUE (i.e., not FALSE and
not UNKNOWN), then the result is TRUE.
If either expression is UNKNOWN, then the result
is UNKNOWN. In all other cases, the result is FALSE.If you create a calculation in which the result of an AND comparison is displayed on a worksheet, Tableau displays TRUE and FALSE. If you would like to change this, use the Format area in the format dialog.
OR
This is a logical operator. An expression or a boolean must appear on either side of it. For example,IIF(Profit
=100 OR Sales =1000, "High", "Low")
If either expression is
TRUE, then the result is TRUE.
If both expressions are FALSE, then the result
is FALSE. If both expressions are UNKNOWN,
then the result is UNKNOWN. If you create a calculation in which the result of an
OR comparison
is displayed on a worksheet, Tableau displays TRUE and FALSE. If
you would like to change this, use the Format area in the format
dialog. The OR operator employs "short circuit
evaluation." This means that if the first expression is evaluated
to be TRUE, then the second expression is not evaluated
at all. This can be helpful if the second expression results in
an error when the first expression is TRUE, because
the second expression in this case is never evaluated.NOT
This is a logical operator. It can be used to negate another boolean or an expression. For example,IIF(NOT(Sales
= Profit),"Not Equal","Equal")
Precedence
All operators are evaluated in a specific order. For example, 2*1+2 is equal to 4 and not equal to 6. The reason is that the * operator is always evaluated before the + operator.The following table shows the order in which operators are evaluated. The first line has the highest precedence. Operators on the same line have the same precedence. If two operators have the same precedence they are evaluated from left to right in the formula.
| Precedence | Operator |
|---|---|
| 1 | – (negate) |
| 2 | ^ (power) |
| 3 | *, /, % |
| 4 | +, – |
| 5 | ==, >, <, >=, <=, != |
| 6 | NOT |
| 7 | AND |
| 8 | OR |
Details (Officials)
Tableau Functions
Functions
The calculation functions are grouped into categories. These are the same categories used in the calculation editor. The aggregate functions such as sum, average, and so on are described in Aggregations.For information on calculations, see Calculated Fields.
Details(Officials)
Tableau Data Types
Data Types
Tableau supports string, date/datetime, number, and boolean data types. These data types are automatically handled in the proper fashion. However, if you create calculated fields of your own, you need to be aware of how to use and combine the different data types in formulas. For example, you cannot add a string to a number. Also, many functions that are available to you when you define a calculation only work when they are applied to specific data types. For example, theDATEPART() function can accept only a date/datetime
data type as an argument. So, you can write DATEPART('year',#April
15,2004#) and expect a valid result: 2004. You cannot write DATEPART('year',"Tom
Sawyer") and expect a valid result. In fact, this example
returns an error because "Tom Sawyer" is a string,
not a date/datetime.
Although Tableau will attempt to fully validate all calculations,
some data type errors cannot be found until the query is run against
the database. These issues appear as error dialogs at the time of
the query rather than in the calculation dialog box.
The data types supported by Tableau are described below. Refer
to Type Conversion to learn
about converting from one data type to another.STRING
A sequence of zero or more characters. For example, "Wisconsin", "ID-44400",
and "Tom Sawyer" are all strings. Strings are recognized
by single or double quotes. The quote character itself can be included
in a string by repeating it. For example, ‘O''Hanrahan’.DATE/DATETIME
A date or a datetime. For example "January 23, 1972" or "January
23, 1972 12:32:00 AM". If you would like a date written
in long-hand style to be interpreted as a a date/datetime, place
the # sign on either side of it. For instance, “January
23, 1972” is treated as a string data type but #January
23, 1972# is treated as a date/datetime data type.NUMBER
Numerical values in Tableau can be either integers or floating-point numbers.With floating-point numbers, results of some aggregations may not always be exactly as expected. For example, you may find that the SUM function returns a value such as -1.42e-14 for a column of numbers that you know should sum to exactly 0. This happens because the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 754 floating-point standard requires that numbers be stored in binary format, which means that numbers are sometimes rounded at extremely fine levels of precision. You can eliminate this potential distraction by using the ROUND function (see Number Functions or by formatting the number to show fewer decimal places.
Operations that test floating point values for equality can behave unpredictably for the same reason. Such comparisons can occur when using level of detail expressions as dimensions, in categorical filtering, creating ad-hoc groups, creating IN/OUT sets, and with data blending.
Note: The largest signed 64-bit
integer is 9,223,372,036,854,775,807. When connecting to a new data
source, any column with data type set to Number (Whole), can accommodate values up to this limit; for larger values, Tableau will use floating point.
BOOLEAN
A field that contains the valuesTRUE or FALSE.
An unknown value arises when the result of a comparison is unknown.
For example, the expression 7 > Null yields unknown. Unknown
booleans are automatically converted to Null.Details(Officials)
09 January, 2017
TESSERACT Manual
NAME
tesseract - command line OCR engine
SYNOPSIS
tesseract imagename|stdin outputbase|stdout [options…] [configfile…]
DESCRIPTION
tesseract(1) is a commercial quality OCR engine originally developed at HP between 1985 and 1995. In 1995, this engine was among the top 3 evaluated by UNLV. It was open-sourced by HP and UNLV in 2005, and has been developed at Google since then.
IN/OUT ARGUMENTS
imagename
The name of the input image. Most image file
formats (anything readable by Leptonica) are supported.
stdin
Instruction to read data from standard input
outputbase
The basename of the output file (to which the
appropriate extension will be appended). By default the output will be named outbase.txt.
stdout
Instruction to sent output data to standard output
OPTIONS
--tessdata-dir /path
Specify the location of tessdata path
--user-words /path/to/file
Specify the location of user words file
--user-patterns /path/to/file
specify
The location of user patterns file
-c configvar=value
Set value for control parameter. Multiple -c
arguments are allowed.
-l lang
The language to use. If none is specified, English
is assumed. Multiple languages may be specified, separated by plus characters.
Tesseract uses 3-character ISO 639-2 language codes. (See LANGUAGES)
--psm N
Set Tesseract to only run a subset of layout
analysis and assume a certain form of image. The options for N
are:
0 = Orientation and script detection (OSD) only.
1 = Automatic page segmentation with OSD.
2 = Automatic page segmentation, but no OSD, or OCR.
3 = Fully automatic page segmentation, but no OSD. (Default)
4 = Assume a single column of text of variable sizes.
5 = Assume a single uniform block of vertically aligned text.
6 = Assume a single uniform block of text.
7 = Treat the image as a single text line.
8 = Treat the image as a single word.
9 = Treat the image as a single word in a circle.
10 = Treat the image as a single character.
configfile
The name of a config to use. A config is a
plaintext file which contains a list of variables and their values, one per
line, with a space separating variable from value. Interesting config files
include:
·
hocr - Output in hOCR format instead of as a
text file.
·
pdf - Output in pdf instead of a text file.
Nota Bene: The options -l lang and --psm N
must occur before any configfile. SINGLE OPTIONS
-v
Returns the current version of the tesseract(1)
executable.
--list-langs
list available languages for tesseract engine. Can
be used with --tessdata-dir.
--print-parameters
print tesseract parameters to the stdout.
TESSERACT MAnual details
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